Apparatus for grinding or polishing glassware



(No Model.) ZSheets-Sheet 1.

H'. SCHULZE-BERGE. APPARATUS POR GRINDING AND POLISHINe GLASSWARB.

No. 447,700. Patented Mar. 3, 1891.-

nu: Nonms Patins cul, Pnornzmo., wAsmNnmn. D. x;

(No Model.) 2 Sheets-Sheet 2.

H. sGHULzE-BERGB. APPARATUS FOR GRIDING ANDl POLISHIG GLASSWARE.

No. 447,700. Patented Mar. s, 1891.

A a Arm/mns.

ATENT FFICE@ HERMAN N SOHULZE-BERGE, OF ROCHESTER, PENNSYLVANIA.

APPARATUS FOR GRINDING OR POLISlliING GLASSWARE.

SPECIFICATION forming part or" Letters Patent No. 447,700, dated March 3,1891.

Application tiled May 6, 1890. Serial No. 350,732. (No model.)

T0 @ZZ whom, t may concern.-

Be it known that I, HERMANN ScHULZn- BERGE, of Rochester, in the county of Beaver and State of Pennsylvania, have invented a new and useful Improvement in Apparatus for Grinding or Polishing Glassware, of which the following is a full, clear, and exact description.

The present invention 'refers to an improvement in apparatus for grinding or cutting tintes, lines, or geometrical figures upon glassware by means of revolving grinding wheels or disks.

The apparatus is illustrated on the accompanying two sheets of drawings, in which- Figure 1 is a front elevation thereof, partly in section. Fig. 2 is a vertical cross-section on the line II Il of Fig. 1. Figs. 6 and 7 are an elevation and a cross-section of a modification of the apparatus. Figs. 3, 4, 5, 8, 9, 10, and l1 are detail views referred to hereinafter.

Like symbols of reference indicate like parts in each.

As shown in Figs. 1 and 2, the apparatus comprises a frame or bed-plate A, to'which are secured several standards or brackets in which two spindles 4 and 5 are revoluble and are movable longitudinallyin the same axial line. Between the spindles is inserted the object to be cut, which in the case represented is a tumbler 1. rlhe lower end of the spindle 4 is provided with a suitably-shaped block or conical disk 2, of cork or wood faced with rubber, which disk is adapted to enter the tumbler and to bear against the inner side of the bottom for the purpose of centering` the tumbler. Said spindle is forced against the glass article by means of a spring 8, bearing against a collar secured to the spindle, and the spindle is adapted to be raised in order to remove and exchange the glass article by means of the hand-lever 7, attached by links to a grooved collar 7'. The glass article rests upon the lower spindle 5, which at its top is provided with a disk 3, smaller in diameter than the bottom of the tumbler. The spindle 5 can beadjusted in height by means of a set-screw 6.

A revoluble shaft 9 is provided with a cyv lindrical sleeve 10, which is adapted to be moved longitudinally upon the shaft by means of an angle-lever 50, and is provided with a cam 10'.

11 is a wheel which bears upon the sleeve 55 10 or cam 10', and is attached to a socket or slide 11', which is guided by a rod 12, and is forced upon the sleeve 10 or cam 10' by a spring 13. It is evident that the socket or slide 11' will not move so long as 6o the wheel 11 rollsv upon the sleeve 10, while if the cam 10' be moved beneath the wheel 11 by means of the lever 50 the slide 11' Will reciprocate in conformity with the shape of the cam or eccentric 10'. Such reciprocating 65 motion is transferred to the grinding-Wheels 24 and 24 by means of the sets of levers 14, 15, 17, 18, and 19 and 14', 15',17', 18', and 19 in the following manner: The links 14 and 14' connect pivotally the socket or slide 11' 7o to the double-armed levers 15 and 15', which oscillate around the pivot 16, which is stationarily iiXed to the bracket B of the frame A. The double-armed lever 15 is connected pivotally to the link 17, Whichin turn is connected pivotally to the swinging frame 18, in which the grinding-wheel 24 is journaled. The 'frame or lever 18 is shown in longitudinal section in Fig. 3, and consists of a bifurcated lever which is supported by and os- 8o ciliates around an axle 30. This axle is lo-v cated in a similarly-bifurcated lever 19, both lower ends of Which are oscillatorily attached to a shaft 27, from which rotary motion is, transferred to the grinding-wheel 24 in a man- 85 ner hereinafter described. The shaft 27 is supported in stationary journals on the frame A. The upper end of the bifnrcated lever 19 is connected to lugs of the frame A by means of a yielding spring 20, which tends to force 9o the lever 19 toward thespindle 4. From this construction it becomes evident that if an upward motion be imparted to the slide 11' the link 14 will be forced outward and the double-armed lever 15 will pull the link 17 95 downward, so as to raise the end of the bifurcated lever in which the grinding-wheel 24 is journaled, and simultaneously the grinding-wheel 24 is forced toward the spindle 4 by means of the bifurcated lever 19 and roo spring 20.

Instead of using the link-connections 14, 15, and 17 to transfer the reciprocating motion of the slide 11 upon the swinging frame IS, the same may be accomplished by using a direct link-connection between the slide ll. and that part of the bifurcated leverlS which is situated between the axle 30 and the grinding-wheel 24, as shown in Fig. ll. The combination oi the bifurcated lever 19, oscillating around the shaft 27, with the bifurcated lever 1S, oscillating around th e axle SO, is a necessity if the grinding-wheel 24 is to be set in revolving motion by a belt.

The shaft 27, which derives its revolving motion from a convenient source, is provided with two pulleys, pulley 28 communicating with pulley 28 of a corresponding second set of levers, while pulley E29 drives the grindingwheel 24, the belt passing from pulley 27 to pulley 3l upon the axle 30, and from there to the pulley35 upon axle 34 and back bythe idler-pulley 32, moving in swinging bearings 33, suspended from or oscillating around the axle 30 and again to the pulley 29. From the axle 34 of the grinding-wheel is suspended a trough 20, through which the periphery of the grinding-wheel moves. This trough collects and is partly filled with water or such substance as is applied to the cutting-surface of the wheel. In order that' the grindingwheel shall netcut too deeply into the glass, I employ a stop-guide 2l, which allows the grinding-wheel to approach toward the spindle 4 to a limited distance only. Such stopguide is attached to lugs 22 and 23 on the brackets of the frame A, and may have any desired curvature or shape, so as to permit the grindingwheel to approach a little or large distance into grinding contact with the glass article, or to come into grinding contact with the article repeatedly, or at intervals during one reciprocating` motion of the socket-slide 1l. The stop or profile guide 2l is situated so as to restrict the free motion of the grinding-wheel toward the glass article, and is preferably located, as shown in Figs. l, 3, 6, and S, in front of the axle 34, separated from such axle by a sleeve 25, in which the axle revolves freely, and which is adapted to slide upon the proiile-guide 2l. The lower part of the guide is curved, so as to withdraw the grinding-wheel entirely from the object when the wheel l1 is rolling upon the sleeve 10 or upon the lowest part of the cam l0', so as to allow the withdrawal and exchange of the glass article or so as to give it time to be turned partially to present a new face to be cut. The mechanism by which this latter `operation is performed automatically consists of the following parts:

The spindle 4 is provided with a key-seat into which tits a key located in the miter gear-wheel 43, so that if the miter gear-wheel be turned for a certain number ot teeth the spindle 4 and thereby the glass object must follow. The gear-wheel 43 is operated bythe miter gear-wheel 42. Upon the shaft 52 of the miter gearwheel 42 is a ratchetfwheel 4l, Figs, 2, 4, and 7, into which meshes a pawl, Fig. 4, mounted upon an arm 49, radiating from and oscillating around the axle oi the ratchet-whceh The arm -zitl is connected by a pitinan 40 to a wrist-pin in the crank 258. This wrist-pin is mounted upon a slide which is movable toward or away from the axle 53, so as to have a larger or smaller throw. The shafts D and are connected by lock-gearing consisting ot' the wheels 37 and 3G, (shown in Fig. 5,) constructed substantially as described in United States Patent No. 319,513, granted t-o me on the 9th day of June, l S85. By reason of this gearing-connection each of the shafts il and 53 performs a complete revolution; but the shaft 37 completes its revolution in but a fraction of the time occupied by the shaft 0 in revolving once. The gear-wheel Sti is secured to the shaft .fi with reference to the cam 10', so that it causes the wheel 37 to re volve during that period of time in which the wheel ll rolls over the cylindrical surface of the cam, which is of the same diameter as the sleeve l0, and thus the miter gear-wheels 42 and 43 are turned when the grinding-wheel is in its lowest position and not in contact with the glass object. It is evident, if the ratchet-wheel 4l has, for instance, sixty teeth, that by adjusting the wrist-pin Sil so that the pawl catches three, four, tive, or six teeth the complete revolution of the miter gear-wheel 43 or of the glass article will have been per formed in respectively twenty, iifteen, twelve, or ten revolutions ot' the shaft l,and that the article will have been provided with twenty, fifteen, t\velve,or ten flutes. By substituting a ratchet wheel of seventy-two or of fortyeight teeth, tu mblers with respectivelytwen ty four, eighteen, twelve, or twenty-four, sixteen, or twelve flutes can be produced simply by varying the throw of the wrist-pin 3f) accordingly.

In order to stop automatically therevolvin g of the object after the proper number of flutes have been produced, I have devised the following meehanism: Upon the miter gearwheel 43 slides a doublearmed lever 44, pivotally connected at 4G to a bracket of the frame A. The lever 44 is forced upon the gear-wheel 43 by a springl 45, and its lowest part, which slides upon the wheel, is shaped like or is provided with a peg or pin. The gear wheel itself is provided with a hole, which in course of rotation moves beneath the pinv of the lever, which thereupon is forced down at one end and raised at the other end. The pawl 47, which is adapted to engage the ratchet-wheel 4l, Fig. 4, is provided with a circular prolongation concentric with the axle 52, which prolongation moves through a link suspended from thelever 44. If now the peg of the lever 44 drops into the hole of the miter-wheel, the pawl of the ratchet-wheel is raised from contact with the teeth of the ratchet-wheel, and although the shaft 9 may continue to revolve the miter-wheel and the glass article will remain stationary. Simul- IIO IWI 5 taneously with this the knee-lever 50, operating the slcevecam 10', is actuated by the rod 5l and the lever 44, so that the cani 10 is withdrawn from beneath the wheel ll and the grinding` operation is stopped. Afterexchang ing the tumbler the lever 44 is raised, and this causes the cam l0 to move beneath the wheel ll, and the cutting will proceed-automatically until the tumbler is lluted all around, when it will stop.

Instead of providing' the web of the gearwhecl 43 with the hole or rest into which meshes the protruding` pin or peg of the stoplever 44, a separate revolving disk around the spindle 4 or around the axle 52 may be provided with such hole or rest, or such disk or gear-wheel 43 may be provided with a peg or pin or lug, and the lever 44 be encountered by such peg or lug in the course of the revolution of the disk, and from such encounter ot' the peg and lever a motion can be derived to raise the pawl and to actuate the slidecam l0.l

In the apparatus shown in Fig. l the tumbler is being tinted simultaneously on opposite sides by two oppositely-situated grindingwheels, and the tumbler needs to make but a half of a revolution, and consequently the miter gear-wheel 43 is provided with two stopholes, as shown in The application of two oppositely-situated grinding-wheels not only accelerates the grinding operation by one-halt', but it has the advantage of holding the object better centered by the opposed counter-pressures. To this end parts of the apparatus are duplicated, as shown in FO. l, in which I have distinguished corresponding parts on opposite sides of the machine by reference-figures having the prime mark.

The apparatus illustrated in Figs. (5 and 7 is a modification ot' the apparatus above described, and the parts areindicated by reference-symbols distinguished by the exponent in ark It differs from the first one in the relative motion between the object to be ground or cut and the grinding wheel or wheels, if more than one be employed. In this modification the glass article l, held and centered by the spindles 4 and 5, is caused to perform a reciprocating motion for each revolution of the shaft 9 by means of the cam l0l and the wheel ll rolling thereupon. The wheel ll transfers the reciprocating motion imparted to it from the cam upon the casting B, which car les the brackets in which the spindles 4 and 5 are journaled. This casting B slides in guides C, attached to the frame or bedplate A, and receives its downwaid motion 'from the cam lO, while its upward motion is effected by the springs 53. The cam-sleeve lO is operated by the angle-lever as described above. 'Ihe axle 34 of the grindingwheel 24 is journaled in the bifurcated sliding bearing 1S, Figs. 6, S, and 10, which is forced toward the glass object by the spring 20. The bifurcated bearing 1S moves in a stationary guide 55a, which is firmly connected with the frameA. The stop-guide 21, which controls the motion of the grinding-wheel toand 3, but by means ol" a liexible shafting 54,

the end of which is attached directly to the axle 34 by means of a union, as indicated in Fig. S. The flexible shafting facilitates considerably the construct-ion for a multiple grinding apparatus, since it dispenses entirely with the clumsy or bulky construction of the flexible knee-lever combination, which is unavoidable if a belt is used. Two, three, or more grinding-wheels can thus easily be located at proper distances around the glass object, decreasing correspondingly-the time necessary for the grinding operation, besides the glass object is not exposed in such case to a one-sided pressure, which causes considerable breakage, but the various grindingwheels can be located so as to counteract each other in the pressure exerted upon the glass object. The automatic revolution of the glass article and the automatic stopping after the cutting has been performed all around it may be performed by the same mechanism as described above.

In Figs. 0 and 10 an arrangement is shown by means of which the grinding-wheel revolving in movable or traveling bearings can be supplied with water or with emery and oil. The receptacle 5G is located upon a support which is loosely attached to the axle 34, and which is counterbalanced by the weight 57.

In place of the grinding wheels 24, polishingwheels may be substituted, or while the grinding of the object is performed upon one machine the polishing may be performed upon a second machine of the same construction. I therefore wish to include in the term grinding-wheel, used in the claims, also a polish- .ing-wheel.

A peculiarity of my apparatus is that it enables me to produce glass objects with concave and with convex flutes of a short radius extending parallel to the axial line of the object, which is not feasible with the present wellknown :tinte-cutting machine, because the grindstones of the latter are revoluble in a plane forming an angle with the axial line of the revoluble glass object, while in my machinery the grinding-wheel is revoluble in a plane parallel to the axle of the spindle supporting the glass object.

The advantages of my invention will be appreciated by those skilled in the art. The machine is strong and durable in its construction, is easy to operate, and facilitates greatly the work of grinding and polishing. The parts of the apparatus may be modified in many ways in form, construction, and the relative position of the parts without departing IOO IIO

from the scope of my invention, as stated in the following claims.

I claiml. In apparatus for grinding or polishing glassware, a revoluble spindle for centering and holding the glass object adapted to be revolved intermittently and a grinding-wheel journaled in movable bearings and adapted tq be forced toward the spindle.

E2. In apparatus for grinding or polishingi glassware, a spindle revoluble in stationary bearings for centering and holding the glass object, a grinding-wheel jcurnaled in movable bearings and adapted to be moved toward the spindle, and a profi le-guide shaped and placed so as to regulate the motion of the grindingwheel toward the glass object.

3. In apparatus for grinding or polishing glassware, a revoluble spindle for centering and holding the glass object, and a plurality of grinding-wheels journaled in movable bearings adapted to be moved simultaneously toward the spindle.

l. In apparatus for grinding or polishing glassware, a revoluble spindle for centering and holding the glass object, a grindingwheel journaled in movable bearings and adapted to be moved toward the spindle, a revoluble shaft provided with a sliding canisleeve, a lever adapted to actuate the camsleeve, gearing on the shaft adapted to actuate a crank and adapted to rotate intermittcntly the revoluble spindle centering the glass object, and apitman, pawl, ratchet-wheel, and intermediate gearing.

5. In apparatus for grinding or polishing glassware, a revoluble spindle for centering and holding the glass object, a grindingwheel `journaled in movable bearings and adapted to be moved toward the spindle, a revoluble shaft provided with a sliding camsleeve, a lever adapted to actuate the camsleeve, and gearing upon the shaft adapted to actuate a crank and adapted to rotate interinittently the revoluble spindle centering the glass object.

G. In apparatus for grinding or polishing glass objects, an automatic revolving and stopping arrangement for revolving intermittently and setting at rest the glass object, consisting in a spindle centering and holding the glass object, a wheel concentric with such spindle, in combination with a continuouslyrevoluble shaft and intermediate connections between the shafts and the spindle gearing a crank-shaft with a pitman, a pawl actuated b v the pitinan, a ratchet-wheel and gearwheels adapted to transfer the motion from the ratchet-wheel axle upon the spindle, a revoluble disk or wheel provided with one or more rests, and a lever adapted to meet such restin course of rotation of the disk, and connections, substantially asdescribed, adapted to transfer the motion imparted to the lever upon the pawl of the ratchet-wheel, whereby the :further rotation of the spindle is prevented.

7. In a device for intermittently rotating a glass object held between the spindles of a grinding apparatus, a lock gearing attached to a steadily revoluble shaft and provided only on a part of the circumference with a series of cogs, and a second gear-wheel attached to a crank-shaft, which gear-wheel is provided with a locking-tooth and a series of cogs corresponding in number to the cogs of the first gear-wheel, which lockgearing is so constructed and related to the first gearwheel that while the first performs a singleI steady rotation one single and full rotation is performed intermittently by the second gear-wheel.

S. In apparatus for grinding or polishing glassware, a revoluble spindle for centering and holding the glass object and a plurality of grinding wheels journaled in movable bearings, flexible shafting connected to the axle of each grinding-wheel, which bearings of the grindingwheels are adapted to be forced from various directions simultaneously toward the spindle, and profile-guides arranged around the revoluble spindle in the pathway of the axles or of the bearings of the grinding-wheels.

9. An apparatus for grinding or polishing glassware, consisting of a revoluble spindle for centering and holding the glass object j ournaled in bearin gs attached to a verticallymovable slide adapted to receive reciprocating motion from a'revolnble shaft by means of a earn, and a profile-guide attached to the reciprocating slide, in combination with a grinding-wheel revoluble in a sliding bearin g adapted to be moved toward the spindle of the grinding machinery by spring power and controlled in its motion toward or away from said spindle by the profile-guide.

l0. In apparatus for grinding or polishing glassware, a spindle for centering and holding the glass object, a grinding-wheel adapted to revolve in a plane parallel to the axle of the spindle, and a profile or stop guide adapted to control the approach of the grindingwheel toward the spindle.

In testimony whereof I have hereunto set my hand this 23d day of April, A. D. 1890. HERMANN SCHULZE-BERGE. IVitnesses:

CHAS. W. MURST, H. C. FRY, .T r.

IOO

IIO 

